Applied Biology and Biochemistry Conference Papers

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Browsing Applied Biology and Biochemistry Conference Papers by Author "Chin’ombe, N."

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    Genotyping Human Papillomavirus in Women Attending Cervical Cancer Screening Clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe
    (2023) Matuvhunye, T.; Dube-Mandishora, R.S.; Chin’ombe, N.; Chakafana, G.; Mbanga, J.; Zumbika, E.; Stray-Pedersen, B.
    Aim: To determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in women attending a cervical cancer screening VIAC (visual inspection with acetic acid) clinic. Study Design: Cross-sectional studyPlace and Duration of Study: VIAC clinic at Parirenyatwa Referral Hospital in Harare in Zimbabwe between February and April 2015. Methodology: Sexually active women were recruited and they provided their socio-demographic data and self-collected vaginal swabs. HIV status of the participants was determined. DNA was extracted from the swabs using the standard phenol-chloroform method. HPV DNA was detected using the standard consensus MY09/11-GP5+/GP6+ nested polymerase chain reaction. Amplicons were sequenced and sequences analyzed using bioinformatics tools to identify the HPV genotypes. Results: Sixty women were recruited. Their age ranged from 21-83 years, with a mean of 40.1 years. Most of the women were married and resided in the urban areas. Of the 60 participants, 50% (30/60) were HIV-positive. The prevalence of HPV genotypes in the study subjects was 56.7% (34/60). HPVs were most prevalent in women aged 30 years and below, and became less prevalent as the age increased. The predominant genotypes detected were HPV-16, -58, -52, -45, 18, -33, -51, -6, -81, -11, -70, -62, -32 and -40. Conclusion: A number of HPV genotypes were detected in half of women tested. There was no significance association between risk-factors (parity, level of education, residence, history of STI, contraceptive use and sexual debut) and HPV infection. The findings of this study showed that consensus nested PCR and DNA sequencing could be used to detect HPV genotypes in women in cervical cancer screening programs. Although this method is sensitive, it is inefficient at detecting multiple HPV infections.
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    Molecular Identification of Mycobacterium Species of Public Health Importance in Cattle in Zimbabwe by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
    (2015) Padya, L.; Chin’ombe, N.; Magwenzi, M.; Mbanga, J.; Ruhanya, V.; Nziramasanga, P.
    Mycobacterium species are naturally found in the environment as well as in domestic animals such as cattle. So far, more than 150 species of Mycobacterium, some of which are pathogenic, have been identified. Laboratory isolation, detection and identification of Mycobacterium species are therefore critical if human and animal infections are to be controlled. The objective of this study was to identify Mycobacterium species isolated in cattle in Zimbabwe using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplification and sequencing. A total of 134 cow dung samples were collected throughout Zimbabwe and mycobacteria were isolated by culture. Only 49 culture isolates that were found to be acid-fast bacilli positive by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. The 16S rRNA gene was successfully amplified by PCR in 41 (84%) of the samples. There was no amplification in 8 (16%) of the samples. Out of the 41 samples that showed amplification, 26 (63%) had strong PCR bands and were selected for DNA sequencing. Analysis of the DNA sequences showed that 7 (27%) belonged to Mycobacterium neoaurum, 6 (23%) belonged to Mycobacterium fortuitum, 3 (12%) to Mycobacterium goodii, 2 (1%) to Mycobacterium arupense, 2 (1%) to Mycobacterium peregrinum or M. septicum and 1 isolate (0.04%) to Mycobacterium elephantis. There were 5 (19%) isolates that were non-mycobacteria and identified as Gordonia terrae, a close relative of Mycobacterium. The study therefore provided a molecular basis for detection and identification of Mycobacterium species in animals and humans