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Browsing Applied Chemistry by Author "Kuipa, Pardon K."
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- ItemAn assessment of the quality of liquid effluents from opaque beer-brewing plants in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe(2005-07) Kuipa, Pardon K.The quality of liquid effluents from two opaque sorghum beer-brewing plants in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe were studied by analysing snap and composite samples collected manually from the plants’ effluent discharge points over a period of six months. Both plants generate effluents that could negatively impact on the municipal treatment system if no efforts are made to significantly reduce their pollution load in terms of both quality and quantity. The results from both plants for the main pollution indicators showed high values of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (in excess of 30 000 mg/l in some instances), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids (SS), indicating high organic load. Analysis of BOD values indicates that the effluents are biologically degradable. No significant heavy metals were found in the effluents, as these are food-processing plants. The effluent treatment plants in both plants were not only inadequate but also poorly operated thereby rendering them ineffective in reducing the pollution loads of the effluents. Simple good housekeeping and operational practices and well as design modifications are suggested to reduce the pollution load of the effluents.
- ItemCharacterization of acid tar waste from benzol purification.(Journal of Chinhoyi University of Technology, 2015-07) Kuipa, Pardon K.
- ItemThe effect of air sparging on the electrical resolution of water-in-oil emulsions(Elsevier Science Ltd., 2001) Bailes, P.J.; Kuipa, Pardon K.A novel process is described in which the resolution of a stable water-in-oil emulsion is augmented by the simultaneous use of pulsed DC electric 1elds and mild bubbling of the emulsion with air. The work has indicated that there is a synergistic effect of air sparging on demulsi1cation in the electric 1eld and that the maximum emulsion resolution requires the voltage to be pulsed with optimum frequency. Emulsion resolution was found to increase steadily with increasing air 5ow rate until a maximum value is reached after which the extent of phase separation starts to fall rapidly with further increase in the air 5ow rate. The electrical resolution was best (79% resolution) when the ratio of air to emulsion 5ow rate (volumetric) in the coalescer was about 120 : 1.
- ItemRecovery of Lead from Lead Laden Cupels by a Simultaneous Leaching and Electrowinning Process in a Methanesulphonic acid bath(Sphinx Knowledge House, 2014-07) Mangunda, Cledwyn T.; Kuipa, Olga; Sithole, Tapuwa R.; Kuipa, Pardon K.Cupels are generated by mines during the fire assaying of precious group metals. The cupels contain lead which is a known environmental hazard hence the need to recover it. This work illustrates how leaching and electrowinning processes can be combined to produce a hybrid lead recovery process. Bench scale tests were conducted for the hybrid leaching and electro winning process using Methane Sulfonic Acid (MSA) as a leaching solvent at a concentration of 200g MSA per litre of water. A glass electrowinning cell fitted with a 9cm × 4cm pure lead cathode and 9cm × 4cm graphite anode with inter electrode gap of 15cm and a magnetic stirrer bar was used. Lead laden cupels (containing 30g lead) were subjected to simultaneous leaching and electrowinning and lead recovery after a period of 80 minutes was found to be 98%. The hybrid process was found to require about 20% less solvent than that required for the convectional leaching process which requires multiple stages to reduce the concentration of the solute in the raffinate to the same extent.
- ItemTrends in the control of NOx and SOx combustion emissions: Implications to the design of fluidised bed combustion operations.(Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015-07) Kuipa, Pardon K.This paper attempts to review the implications of the sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions to the design of fluidised bed combustion (FBC) operations. The review focuses on how the knowledge of SOx and NOx emissions trends can be applied to influence the design of FBC operations. The effects of the emission trends of these noxious gases on the design operations for FBC such as temperature control, nozzle designs, sorbent selection design, air supply and control designs were reviewed. The implications of SOx, N2O and NOx emissions on the design of FBC systems rest primarily on the need to design the operational conditions of the system. The design for the precise location of the fuel feeding ports, secondary air feeding ports, limestone feeding ports and a prescribed size and quantity of sorbents to feed into the system was found to be crucial for reduction of these emissions. The emissions also have an impact on the design of the distributor plate of the system; reduction of the emissions necessitates good fluidisation and well-regulated temperature within the system. The review therefore concludes that there is a close nexus between the design and operation of FBC systems with NOx, N2O and SOx emissions.