Browsing by Author "Chengetanai, S."

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    Human immunodefciency virus associated pulmonary conditions leading to hospital admission and the pulmonary rehabilitation services received by patients at two central hospitals in Harare.
    (BMC, 2018-06-25) Tadyanemhandu, C.; Mupanda, C.; Dambi, J.; Chiwaridzo, M.; Chikwasha, V.; Chengetanai, S.
    Objective: Use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has led to marked reductions in the incidence of HIV-associated opportunistic infections but has had comparatively less impact on the incidence of some pulmonary diseases. This study was done to determine the pulmonary conditions leading to hospital admissions in people living with HIV/AIDS at two central hospitals in Zimbabwe and the pulmonary rehabilitation intervention received. Results: A total of 92 participants were recruited of which 60 (65.2%) were females. The mean age of the participants was 41.3 years (SD=9.1). The most common pulmonary condition leading to hospital admission was tuberculosis in 53 (57.6%). About 52 (56.6%) of the participants sufered from pulmonary complications in the last 6 months, 48 (92.3%) were admitted and 26 (50.0%) of the participants received physiotherapy treatment during their admission. None of the participants indicated that they once attended an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation clinic. Respiratory complication is one of the leading causes of morbidity associated with HIV but no pulmonary rehabilitation services are being ofered to these patients. There is need for introduction of pulmonary rehabilitation programs for people living with HIV/AIDS in the current setting
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    Repeated benzodiazepines ingestions affected behavioral and neurochemical profiles, with mild effect on histological integrities: modulatory efficacy of Nigella sativa oil
    (The Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences, 2024-08-30) Imam, A.; Lambe-oladeji, K.F.; Lawal, A.T.; Ajibola, O.E.; Chengetanai, S.; Ajibola, M.I.; Ibrahim, A.; Ajao, M.S.
    Background Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are a class of depressant drugs that have enjoyed widespread use in conventional clinical management of anxiety-related conditions such as panic disorders that require therapeutic central relaxation and sedation. Meanwhile, prolonged administration of benzodiazepines even at low doses has however been linked to variety of undesirable effects such as discontinuation relapse with the associated risk of abuse and dependency. Aim This study investigated the behavioral, histological and biochemical outcomes of long-term low dose diazepam use and explored the potential role of nigella sativa oil (NSO) in the amelioration of the associated side effects. Methods Adult Wistar rats (n=32) were randomized into four groups that received normal saline; diazepam; diazepam + NSO; or NSO only, respectively for 14 days. At the end of the period of the various exposures, the rats were taken through behavioral paradigms after which they were sacrificed for chemical and histological profiling. Results diazepam-exposed rats exhibited stress-related manifestations with relatively poor performance in memory-related tasks. Repeated diazepam ingestion reduced brain antioxidant biomarkers while causing elevation of brain oxidative stress markers. On histological observation, mild degenerative changes were evident in the various brain regions of the diazepam-exposed rats. Conclusion Interventional nigella sativa oil administration showed therapeutic potentials by mitigating and reversing the observed effects of diazepam, largely due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as observed in the present study.