Computer Science Publications

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Openphone user engagement and requirements solicitation in low literacy users
(2005) Ndwe, T.; Barnard, Etienne; Dlodlo, Mqhele Mashao; Daniel, Kuun; Christiaan, Sharma
The OpenPhone project aims to design an Interactive Voice Response (IVR) health information system that enables people who are caregivers for HIV/AIDS infected children to access relevant information by using a telephone in their native language of Setswana in Botswana. The system lowers accessibility barriers since it is accessible to illiterate users and the community of the blind. The design utilizes usability engineering methodology in order to ascertain that the end product is usable, efficient, effective and satisfactory to the targeted users who are predominantly females, ranging from semi-literate to illiterate adults but nevertheless numerically literate. The paper describes the methodologies that were used to obtain information from the target user population. The contribution that was made by staff members of the clinic where the caregivers normally get information services is also discussed. This stakeholder information has design implications on the OpenPhone system. Based on the information gathered, we are now able to begin the initial design of the OpenPhone system.
A distributed systems approach to knowledge-based systems for the Utilisation of south african wool
(AUTEX, 2009-06) Dlodlo, Nomusa; Hunter, Lawrance; Cele, Cyprian; Botha, Anton F.; Metelerkamp, Roger
Potential and present investors in the South African (S.A.) wool industry need up-to-date information on the production and properties of the wool they need for the particular end-products they manufacture or intend to manufacture. This article describes the concept and development of a knowledge-based advisory system on the utilisation of South African wool for the benefit of present and potential investors and other interested parties. The architecture of the system encompasses the concept of distributed systems and the related advantages in its general architecture and within its internal components. It marries both expert and general knowledge-based systems.
A rule-based expert system to establish the linkage between yarn Twist factor and end-use
(AUTEX, 2009-09) Dlodlo, Nomusa; Hunter, Lawrance; Botha, Anton F.; Cele, Cyprian; Metelerkamp, Roger
Optimising the technical and economic requirements to obtain a yarn with the appropriate twist level for sustained yarn quality and usage is of paramount importance. This paper describes the concepts and development of a rule-based expert system to establish the optimum linkage between the yarn twist factor and end-use of a yarn and determine the appropriate twist for the particular yarn.
Beacon Frame Manipulation to Mitigate Rogue Access Points: Case of Android Smartphone Rogue Access Points
(Compusoft, 2014-02) Nyathi, Thambo; Ndlovu, Siqabukile
The use of wireless devices to access corporate network resources is now part of the norm within corporate environments. When wireless users need to connect to a network they hardly question the source of their connectivity. Mobile phones, particularly smartphones allow users to access network resources. These harmless looking wireless devices can be a source of major threats if configured to be so. The Internet is awash with mobile apps capable of performing packet sniffing. These applications, coupled with the capability of the smartphone to be configured as an access point, can present a Smartphone Rogue Access Point. Access Points advertise their availability using what is called a beacon frame. This research paper proposes a solution which restructures this beacon frame to include an Authentic Access Point Value which can be used to defend against Rogue Access Points.
Changing mindset- sets towards equity and equality at all levels at institutions.
(2014-09) Msongelwa – NJINI, Juliet B.
Gender issues gained momentum since the 1970s pushed by a wave of feminists. Ever since, gender issues have been discussed and debated in many foras. But, the Beijing International Conference (1995) was the climax that changed the landscape. Zimbabwe participated and was fully represented from all sectors of the population. The Conference came up with the ” Beijing Platform of Action”. This actually pushed the UN to quickly set up what we know today as “UNIFEM” the Women’s wing of the United Nations. UNIFEM in 2005, 10 years after Beijing declaration, reviewed the progress by setting up the Millennium Development Goals which were to be adhered to by all Countries who are members of the UN. These Goals are to be reviewed in 2015. This is the time of change and critical challenge for all women working in tertiary institutions for reviewing and evaluating the gains achieved to date and establish whatever gaps still exist.
Optimisation of the Linear Probability Model for Credit Risk Management
(2014-11) Nyathi, K.T.; Ndlovu, Siqabukile; Moyo, S.; Nyathi, Thambo
One of the aims of the banking business is to provide loans to applicants. Credit risk management plays an important role in banks, as loans generally account for half to three quarters of the total value of bank assets. Credit scoring is a systematic method for evaluating credit risk and assists decision makers determine whether or not to provide loans to applicants. Scoring models are systematic means of evaluating the creditworthiness of a loan applicant. However, existing scoring models cause some loan applications to be rejected unnecessarily as their credit rates are lowered to rejection levels due to lack of information such as previous loan payment data. This might be refusal of good credit, which potentially can cause the loss of future profit margins. This study aims at optimising one such credit scoring model to ensure that it uses only the critical scoring criteria to determine a credit score. The optimised model will not only reduce the proportion of unsafe borrowers, but also identify profitable borrowers.
Optimisation of a TV White Space Broadband Market Model for Rural Entrepreneurs
(River Publishers, 2014-12) Nleya, Sindiso M.; Bagula, Antoine; Zennaro, Marco; Pietrosemoli, Ermanno
Leveraging on recent TV white space communications developments in regulations, standards initiatives and technology, this paper considers a suitable next generation network comprising of two primary users (PUs) that compete to offer a service to a group of secondary users (SUs) in the form of mesh routers that belong to different entrepreneurs participating in a noncooperative TV white space trading. From a game theoretic perspective the non-cooperative interaction of the PUs is viewed as a pricing problem wherein each PU strives to maximize its own profit. Subsequently the problem is formulated as a Bertrand game in an oligopolistic market where the PUs are players who are responsible for selling TV white spectrum in the market while the SUs are the players who are the buyers of the TV white spectrum. The PUs strategise by way of price adjustment, so much such that SUs tend to favour the lowest price when buying. The inter- operator agreements are based on the delay and throughput QoS performance optimization metrics respectively. A performance evaluation of both models is comparatively performed with regards to parameters such as cost, generated revenue, profit, best response in price adjustments and channel quality. The throughput based analytic model fares better in terms of providing channel quality as it has a better strategy which is a decreased price value.
Climate Variability Forecasting Using Bat Algorithm Optimised Artificial Neural Network.
(Zimbabwe Journal of Science & Technology, 2015) Kokera, N.; Chilumani, Khesani, R.; Mzelikahle, Kenman
This paper presents a summary and results of a study that was conducted in an attempt to forecast climate variability in Zimbabwe using the BAT Algorithm optimised Artificial Neural Network (BAT-ANN) analysis technique. Forecasts of climate ahead of time can potentially allow governments, farmers and other players in private and/or public sectors to make decisions to reduce unwanted impacts or take advantage of expected favourable climate. However, potential benefits of climate forecasts vary considerably because of many physical, biological, economic, social, and political factors. In a developing country, like Zimbabwe where agriculture is the base of the national economy, climate conditions play leading role for progressive and sustainable development, therefore climate variability forecasts are very important. The BAT-ANN was adapted and tested using the Zimbabwean meteorological dataset and results confirm that our proposed model has the potential for reliable climate forecasting for a 25 year period. The mean percentage accuracy was used to evaluate the performance of the trained climate forecasting neural network and proved sufficient. Therefore, in this paper, we present a new technique to climate variability assessment namely; the BAT-ANN. In this study, the approach employed to achieve objectives was; collecting quantitative data, adapting a BAT-ANN for analysis, and developing a Java program that employs the BAT-ANN for forecasting. The objectives of the study were met.
Using Fuzzy ARTMAP for Symmetric Key Generation
(American Institute of Science., 2015) Mulopa, John; Ndlovu, Siqabukile; Mzelikahle, Kernan; Nyathi, Thambo
Neural cryptography deals with the problem of key exchange between two communicating neural networks using the mutual learning concept. It is the first algorithm for key generation over public channels which are not based on the number theory. The two networks exchange their outputs and the key between the two communicating parties is eventually presented in the final learned weights, when the two networks are synchronised. The security of neural synchronisation is put at risk if an attacker is capable of synchronising with any of the two parties during the training processes. However, the security of a cryptosystem is robust if the algorithm is strong and the keys are long, unpredictable, and random This research proposes use of two distant remote Adaptive Resonance Theory MAP (ARTMAP) architectures that are trained to learn from a unique data set and finally synchronise to same weights.
An ontology-based framework for mobile learning in rural secondary schools
(2015) Ngwenya, S; Mangena, S.B.; Trimble, J.; Hlatywayo, D.; Chilumani, K.R.
In some countries mobile learning is becoming an important issue in academic institutions, as teachers and students get connected to networks through smart phones that combine telephony, computing, messaging and multimedia. However, in rural areas the process of designing, communicating and presenting learning resources, content services and learning content for mobile learners poses challenges. Teachers and students are not able to connect to networks for the purposes of learning and teaching. Therefore an enabler framework for this purpose becomes necessary. Those who connect to the Internet are not able to get precise and relevant content that meets their requirements and needs. This is due to poor internet connectivity, lack of semantics on content, inaccurate searches and information overload. This paper proposes a solution to some of the challenges by designing a conceptual ontology-based framework for mobile learning which could be used in rural secondary schools. The framework takes into account the following: a knowledge base, ontology, software agents, learning resources and learning/teaching content. Agents search for learning objects and extract knowledge according to learner and teacher/instructor profiles. The proposed framework would facilitate collaboration, sharing of ideas, instruction flow and access to learning and teaching content with accuracy, anytime from anywhere.
Strategies for community focused postal service development
(National Inquiry Services Centre, 2015-11-16) Trimble, John; Chilumani, Khesani R.; Ngwenya, Sibangiso
To maintain its relevance, the postal system must look at ways to innovate and optimize. It must optimize its use of resources and delivery of current services. It must employ innovation to develop new opportunities and services. The key will be to leverage its infrastructure and build on its strong community linkage, while taking advantages of emerging trends in information and communication technology. This study uses information gathered from the postal systems in Africa and other less developed settings. It also draws on postal expansion options identified by the Universal Postal Union (UPU) in the areas of e-post, e-commerce, e-government and e-finance, as a basis for a framework orientated to community service in southern Africa. This framework is designed to facilitate the development of a more effective postal research strategy that is well integrated into the overall business strategy of the post office, building on existing services and incorporating new e-postal services. This overall process should encourage regional and continental integration of postal services and foster citizen and community empowerment.
Optimisation of Self Organising Maps Using the Bat Algorithm
(2017) Mzelikahle, Kernan; Mapuma, Dunstan Junior; Hlatywayo, Dumisani J.; Trimble, John; Hlatywayo, Dumisani J.
Self Organising Maps are among the most widely used unsupervised neural network approaches to clustering. They have been shown to be efficient in handling large and high dimensional data. The Bat Algorithm is a swarm intelligence based, meta- heuristic optimisation algorithm. It is based on the echolocation behaviour of micro-bats with varying emission pulse rates and loudness. This paper gives a novel hybrid optimisation method which is here called the Bat Optimised Self-Organising Map. It combines the basic Self Organising Map learning algorithm with the Bat Algorithm. In this optimisation technique, the Bat Algorithm is used to initialise the weight vectors for a Self Organising Map to a near global optimum prior to the competition.

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