Applied Biology and Biochemistry Conference Papers

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Browsing Applied Biology and Biochemistry Conference Papers by Subject "Antioxidant enzyme activities"

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    Differential Effects Of Some Quinoline Antimalarial Drugs On Rat Antioxidant Enzyme Activities
    (2013-03-12) Naik, Yogeshkumar S.; Magwere, Tapiwanashe; Hasler, Julia A.
    Quinoline-based antimalarial drugs have played a crucial role in the fight against malaria for decades. However, with the resurgence in drug tolerance among malaria parasites worldwide. The onus is on drug designers to synthesize more effective and less toxic drugs. In this study we sought to determine the effects of quinine, and the synthetic quinolines primaquine and chloroquine, on antioxidant enzymes so as to gain a better understanding of their effects on various enzyme systems which might be of value in the development of new, safe and more effective drugs. We used the Sprague-Dawley rat as a model to study the effects of these drugs on various hepatic and renal antioxidant enzymes. Our results show that primaquine administration increased the activities of some antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase), whereas chloroquine increased the activity of only superoxide dismutase while decreasing that of glutathione peroxidase and catalase. These results indicate a predisposition of the organs towards oxidative damage as evidenced by increases in parameters of lipid peroxidation in the same organs. Unlike the two synthetic drugs, however, quinine did not appear to cause any significant alterations in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and neither did it cause any oxidative damage in rat organs. From these results, we conclude that since quinoline is still an effective drug against some chloroquine-resistant strains of malaria,the renewed interest in quinoline drugs should aim to design and synthesize quinine analogues which are less toxic and have enhanced antimalarial activity.