Effects of concurrent chloroquine and ethanol administration on the rat kidney morphology
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Date
2018-01-18
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
African Field Epidemiology Network
Abstract
The use of antimalarial chloroquine in malaria-endemic regions of Africa is rampant and it is not uncommon to find individuals
taken the drug concurrent with alcohol. Effects of anti-malarial drug chloroquine (Chq) and ethanol (Et) combination on kidney volume and
function using rat model was investigated. Methods: 32 adult male rats were randomly distributed into four groups of 8 rats each. Group C serve
as control and received vehicle only, while Q is Chq treated only, E is Et treated and QE is Et and Chq treated. Chq was administered
intraperitoneally at 1mg/100g body weight weekly and 6% Et in drinking water provided ad libitum. Urine volume was collected before the
treatment began and after the treatment. After eight weeks, all animals were euthanized; kidneys were harvested and fixed in 10% neutral
formalin. The fixed left kidneys were scanned with computed tomography and the scan slices were used to estimate 3-dimensional kidney volume
on ImageJ. Results: Total kidney volume was none significantly increased in Q, E and QE treated compared to control groups (p = 0.5150). Also,
microscopic analysis showed increased proximal tubule diameter (p = 0.1426) and epithelial hypertrophy (p = 0.2530) and significant urinary
space shrinkage (p = 0.00001). The initial urine volume was not significantly different between the control and treated groups (p = 0.9864)
however, following treatment urine volume was significantly reduced in QE rats group (p = 0.0029). Conclusion: The results suggest chloroquine
and ethanol combination as potential cause of kidney injury through structural damage and function derangement
Description
open access journal article
Keywords
Ethanol, Stereology, Chloroquine, Computed tomography, Relative medullary thickness
Citation
Abdulkadir, A, Mbajiorgu, E.F and Nyirenda, T. (2018).Effects of concurrent chloroquine and ethanol administration on the rat kidney morphology. Pan-African Medical Journal, 29 (49).