Mobile genetic elements-mediated Enterobacterales-associated carbapenemase antibiotic resistance genes propagation between the environment and humans: A One Health South African study

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dc.contributor.authorRamsamy, Y.
dc.contributor.authorMlisana, K.P.
dc.contributor.authorAmoako, D.G.
dc.contributor.authorAbia, A.L.K.
dc.contributor.authorIsmail, A.
dc.contributor.authorAllam, M.
dc.contributor.authorMbanga, J.
dc.contributor.authorSingh, R.
dc.contributor.authorEssack, S.Y.
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-21T12:32:27Z
dc.date.available2025-05-21T12:32:27Z
dc.date.issued2021-09-23
dc.description.abstractWe, (1) studied carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in the environment, humans, and animals, within the same geographical area and, (2) delineated the isolates' resistome, mobilome, virulome, and phylogeny. Following ethical approval, 587 samples (humans = 230, pigs = 345, and water = 12) were collected and cultured on CRE selective media. Confirmatory identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using the VITEK 2 automated platform. The resistomes, virulomes, mobilomes, and phylogenies were ascertained by whole genome sequencing. Nineteen (3.2%), i.e., 15/19 humans and 4/19 environmental, but no pig, CRE were obtained. CREs included Klebsiella pneumoniae 9/19 (47%), Enterobacter hormaechei 6/19 (32%), Klebsiella quasipneumoniae 2/19 (11%), a novel ST498 Citrobacter freundii 1/19 (5%) and Serratia marcescens 1/19 (5%). Eleven isolates were extensively drug-resistant; eight were multidrug-resistant. Sixteen CRE harbored the blaOXA-181, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-484, blaNDM-1, and blaGES-5 genes. Multiple species/clones carried blaOXA-48 and blaNDM-1 carbapenemase-encoding genes with respective mobile genetic elements (MGEs). The IncFIB(K) plasmid replicon was found in most human K. pneumoniae strains (7/9) and all environmental K. quasipneumoniae isolates; most K. pneumoniae produced OXA-181 (5/9). The (Col440I) plasmid replicon, identified in 11 (26.82%) isolates, mainly E. hormaechei (n = 6), predominated both sectors. Most β-lactamase-encoding genes were associated with class 1 integrons IntI1, insertion sequences (IS) (IS91, IS5075, IS30, IS3000, IS3, IS19, ISKpn19, IS5075) and transposons (Tn3). The IncL/M(pMU407) and IncL/M(pOXA48) plasmid replicons were found exclusively in K. pneumoniae; all but one of these strains produced OXA-181. Also, the Klebsiella spp. harbored 80 virulence genes. Phylogenomic clustered identified isolates with other carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae, E. hormaechei, S. marcescens, and C. freundii from different South African sources (animals, environment, and humans). We delineated the resistome, mobilome, virulome, and phylogeny of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in humans and environment, highlighting antibiotic resistance genes propagation via MGEs across sectors, emphasizing a One Health approach to AMR.
dc.identifier.citationRamsamy, Y., Mlisana, K.P., Amoako, D.G., Abia, A.L.K., Ismail, A., Allam, M., Mbanga, J., Singh, R. and Essack, S.Y., 2022. Mobile genetic elements-mediated Enterobacterales-associated carbapenemase antibiotic resistance genes propagation between the environment and humans: A One Health South African study. Science of the Total Environment, 806, p.150641.
dc.identifier.urihttp://196.220.97.103:4000/handle/123456789/645
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.titleMobile genetic elements-mediated Enterobacterales-associated carbapenemase antibiotic resistance genes propagation between the environment and humans: A One Health South African study
dc.typeArticle
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