Understanding the ecological drivers of avian influenza virus infection in wildfowl: a continental-scale study across Africa

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dc.contributor.authorGaidet, Nicolas
dc.contributor.authorCaron, Alexandre
dc.contributor.authorCappelle, J.
dc.contributor.authorCumming, Graeme S.
dc.contributor.authorBalanca, G.
dc.contributor.authorHammoumi, S.
dc.contributor.authorCattoli, G.
dc.contributor.authorAbolnik, Celia
dc.contributor.authorGrosbois, V.
dc.contributor.authorServan de Almeida, R.
dc.date.accessioned2014-06-30T10:17:50Z
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-23T14:00:43Z
dc.date.available2014-06-30T10:17:50Z
dc.date.available2023-06-23T14:00:43Z
dc.date.issued2011-10
dc.descriptionEcological drivers of influenza in birdsen_US
dc.description.abstractDespite considerable effort for surveillance of wild birds for avian influenza viruses (AIVs), empirical investigations of ecological drivers of AIV prevalence in wild birds are still scarce. Here we used a continental-scale dataset, collected in tropical wetlands of 15 African countries, to test the relative roles of a range of ecological factors on patterns of AIV prevalence in wildfowl. Seasonal and geographical variations in prevalence were positively related to the local density of the wildfowl community and to the wintering period of Eurasian migratory birds in Africa. The predominant influence of wildfowl density with no influence of climatic conditions suggests, in contrast to temperate regions, a predominant role for inter-individual transmission rather than transmission via long-lived virus persisting in the environment. Higher prevalences were found in Anas species than in non-Anas species even when we account for differences in their foraging behaviour (primarily dabbling or not) or their geographical origin (Eurasian or Afro-tropical), suggesting the existence of intrinsic differences between wildfowl taxonomic groups in receptivity to infection. Birds were found infected as often in oropharyngeal as in cloacal samples, but rarely for both types of sample concurrently, indicating that both respiratory and digestive tracts may be important for AIV replication.en_US
dc.identifier.citationGaidet, N. et al., 2012. Understanding the ecological drivers of avian influenza virus infection in wildfowl: a continental-scale study across Africa. Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society, 279(1731), pp.1131–41.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://196.220.97.103:4000/handle/123456789/422
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherThe Royal Societyen_US
dc.rights.licenseThis article was downloaded from NUST Institutional repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions as set out in the Institutional Repository Policy.en_US
dc.subjectinfluenza A virusen_US
dc.subjectpathogen transmissionen_US
dc.subjectdisease ecologyen_US
dc.subjectwild birdsen_US
dc.subjecttropicalen_US
dc.subjectmigrationen_US
dc.titleUnderstanding the ecological drivers of avian influenza virus infection in wildfowl: a continental-scale study across Africaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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