Effects of Treatment and Drug Resistance on the Transmission Dynamics of Malaria in Endemic Areas
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Date
2009
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
We present a mathematical model for malaria treatment and spread of drug resistance in an endemic
population. The model considers treated humans that remain infectious for some time and partially
immune humans who are also infectious to mosquitoes although their infectiousness is always less than
their non immune counterparts. The model is formulated by considering delays in the latent periods in
both mosquito and human populations and in the period within which partial immunity is lost. Qualitative
analysis of the model including positivity and boundedness of solutions is performed. Analysis of the
reproductive numbers shows that if the treated humans become immediately uninfectious to mosquitoes
then treatment will always reduce the number of sensitive infections. If however treated humans are
infectious then for treatment to effectively reduce the number of sensitive infections, the ratio of the
infectious period of the treated humans to the infectious period of the untreated humans multiplied by the
ratio of the transmission rate from a treated human to the transmission rate of an untreated human should
be less than one. Our results show that the spread of drug resistance with treatment as a control strategy
depends on the ratio of the infectious periods of treated and untreated humans and on the transmission
rates from infectious humans with resistant and sensitive infections. Numerical analysis is performed
to assess the effects of treatment on the spread of resistance and infection. The study provides insight
into the possible intervention strategies to be employed in malaria endemic populations with resistant
parasites by identifying important parameters.
Description
A Journal Article on the Effects of treatment and drug resistance on the transmission dynamics of malaria
in endemic areas
Keywords
Malaria, Treatment, Resistance, Endemic, Delay, Reproductive number
Citation
Chiyaka, C. Garira, W. Dube, Shadreck. 2009. Effects of treatment and drug resistance on the transmission dynamics of malaria in endemic areas. Theoretical Population Biology 75 (2009) 14–29