Application of amine-modified tannins gels as coagulants in wastewater treatment

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorThelmmer, M.
dc.contributor.authorNcube, S.
dc.contributor.authorMoyo, L.B.
dc.contributor.authorMamvura, T.A.
dc.contributor.authorDanha, G.
dc.contributor.authorSimate, G.S.
dc.contributor.authorTshuma, N.
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-23T13:20:43Z
dc.date.available2025-06-23T13:20:43Z
dc.date.issued2024-08-28
dc.description.abstractTannin (T) is an organic substance that may potentially be used as an inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and effective bio-coagulant to remove impurities from residential and commercial wastewater. In this study, bio-coagulants were prepared using tannins obtained from the wattle tree (Acacia mearnsii). The bio-coagulants were modified using formalin and optionally, ethanolamine (ETA) and ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) as amine sources through the Mannich Reaction scheme. Three coagulants were prepared, T-ETA modified tannin, T-NH 4 Cl modified tannin and a mixture of T-ETA: T-NH 4 Cl in molar ratio 1: 1. Aluminium sulphate [Al 2 (SO 4) 3], a metal-coagulant was also used as the standard for comparison. The three coagulants were tested at varied concentrations (500–1250 mg/L) using jar tests on laundry wastewater to see their effect on remediation of wastewater. A mixture of bio-coagulant T-NH 4 Cl and T-ETA was most effective with highest removal efficiencies for turbidity (94%), COD (85%), Total solids (87%) and nitrates (99%). For colour removal T-NH 4 Cl modified tannin showed the highest removal efficiency of 92%. The results support the use of cheaper and environmentally friendly amine modified tannin-based flocculants in laundry wastewater treatment as they showed less toxicity on the treated water.
dc.identifier.citationThelmmer, M., Ncube, S., Moyo, L.B., Mamvura, T.A., Danha, G., Simate, G.S. and Tshuma, N., 2024. Application of amine-modified tannins gels as coagulants in wastewater treatment. Researcxh Square.
dc.identifier.urihttp://196.220.97.103:4000/handle/123456789/843
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherResearch Square
dc.titleApplication of amine-modified tannins gels as coagulants in wastewater treatment
dc.typeArticle
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
1adb147b-0e87-4d72-8b46-a5c33636f696.pdf
Size:
701.59 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed to upon submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Chemical Engineering Publications